Internet Layer
Transport Layer
Application Layer
Network Access Layer
Connectionless communication
Reliable communication
Broadcast communication only
Unreliable communication
Higher reliability
Lower overhead
Error correction capability
Built-in security
Physical Layer
Data Link Layer
Session Layer
MQTT
FTP
SMTP
POP3
Application
Internet
Transport
Network Access
IP Address
MAC Address
URL
Port Number
Physical Address
Bus Address
Simplex
Half Duplex
Full Duplex
Broadcast
Capacitive touch sensor
Temperature sensor
Humidity sensor
Weight sensor
Reducing cost and time for development
Reducing cost and increasing time for development
Increasing cost and increasing time for development
Increasing cost and decreasing time for development
Temperature Sensors
Light Sensors
Motion Sensors
All of The Above
Display
Monitor
Sound
All of the above
Gas Sensor
Water Quality Sensor
Moisture Sensor
All of These
Mechanical, Thermal
Magnetic, Electric
Chemical, Radiation
Hydraulic
Pneumatic
Both (a) and (b)
None of these
μm
uC
MCU
All Of The Above
CPU
Memory
I/O ports and timers
RFID and NFC
Digital Watermarking
QR Code
Motors, gears
Pumps, pistons
Valves, Switches
