Encryption
Unlimited bandwidth
Large address space
Error correction
Device-to-Cloud
Device-to-Human
Human-to-Human
Cloud-to-Cloud only
Zigbee
FTP
Telnet
ARP
Actuator only
Sensor only
Sensor and actuator combination
Gateway device
Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)
Satellite Communication
DSL
Ethernet
Security
Network latency
Sensor accuracy
Battery life
M2M
GUI
OCR
VPN
MQTT
CoAP
LoRaWAN
User authentication only
Protocol translation and data aggregation
Sensor calibration
Actuator control only
BLE
Wi-Fi
Industrial IoT
Consumer IoT
Medical IoT
Agricultural IoT
Temperature Sensor
Humidity Sensor
Motor
RFID Tag
4
5
6
7
Physical Layer
Network Layer
Session Layer
Presentation Layer
Internet Layer
Transport Layer
Application Layer
Network Access Layer
Connectionless communication
Reliable communication
Broadcast communication only
Unreliable communication
Higher reliability
Lower overhead
Error correction capability
Built-in security
Data Link Layer
Long-range communication
High-bandwidth video transmission
Low-power mesh networking
Satellite communication
Short-range communication
Low-power wide-area networking
Video conferencing
Wired communication
